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Energy and Environment in Beijing International Symposium

BERLIN - (trempel) - Aus Anlaß der Vorbereitungen der olympischen Sommerspiele in Beijing 2008 veranstaltet die chinesische Regierung im Februar 2002 ein internationales Symposium, das insbesondere Chancen für die deutsche Wirtschaft bietet. Auskünfte und Informationen über eine Teilnahme: apfb@chinaproject.de .

Agenda and Contents

Date:          February 21 – February 22, 2002

Place:         Beijing

Form:          Symposium

Invited Participants:

SDPC, MOST, China International Engineering Consulting Cooperation (CIECC), Beijing Municipal Administration Commission (BJMAC), Beijing Municipal Economic Commission (BJMEC), Beijing City Planning Commission (BJCPC), Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau (BJMEPB), Beijing District Heating Group Corporation, Beijing Gas Group Co. Ltd., Beijing Coal Corporation, Beijing Municipal Bureau of Land Resources and Housing Administration，Beijing Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, North China Power Group (NCPG), power investment corporations (such as Datang, , China Power, BIP, Guohua), Beijing Municipal Institute of City Planning and Design, and local offices of foreign agencies and companies in Beijing.

 Topic of Discussion:

 A. Energy structure and Environment

 The Beijing municipal government has, in line with its master plan for the urban development and long-term strategy of sustainable development, implemented a series of effective programs to control air pollutions ever since 1998, with tangible results so far. The major measures include restructuring of energy mix, reduction of coal shares, especially the direct combustion in end-use, while the use of natural gas, electricity, new energy and renewable energy has been substantially increased. In its bid report for the 2008 Olympic Games, the Beijing Bid Committee (supported by the town hall) pledged that the share of nature gas in 2007 will shoot up by 5 times; all the residential energy in downtown areas will become clean; wind power, hot water from geothermal and solar energy, and more sunlight through natural orientation will be in use at a maximum at the Olympic Village and other event venues to reduce the consumption of conventional energy; and the development and application of fuel cell, etc. will be promoted wherever possible. For this end, the Beijing municipal government has mapped out an action plan to restructure the current energy mix.

 At present, however the annual coal consumption in Beijing is well over 26 million tons, up 50% of total energy consumption. Huge financial inputs, feasible clean energy sources, development strategies and action plans would be apparently necessary to substantially replace coal use with clean energy. So, it is urgently needed to transfer some advanced international experiences and technologies, and help channel capital investments for the policy-makers and relevant departments of the Beijing municipal government to overhaul the city’s energy mix. Therefore, this seminar will focus primarily on the following three points with respect to the energy structures.

 1. Experiences and Lessons for Foreign Large Cities (UK)

Experiences and lessons drawn from the energy mix restructure in some large cities in the world: how to realize the switch-over from coal-dominance to clean energy on top, such as oil, gas and electricity, and the possible impacts on the urban air environment.

 On this topic, the experiences in energy mix restructure and environment preservation in London will be presented in particular, possibly including 1) response measures to control London’s soot pollutions in 1950s and the effects, careful examination of its transferability to the case of Beijing’s coal-derived soot and ash pollutions; and 2) the experiences and prospects of efficient coal utilization in Britain.

 2. Efficient Use of Nature Gas (USA)

1) An introduction to the American experiences in efficient use of natural gas, and the technology of natural gas-based combination of cooling, heating and power (CCHP), as well as the associated policies. The suggestions and comments on Beijing’s efficient use of nature gas including both technologies and policies. 2) The development and techno-economic assessment of small and medium-sized natural gas combustion equipment with high efficiency and low pollution. 3) The techno-economic assessment and environmental impacts of CCHP technologies.

 3. Efficient Use of Electricity in Large Cities (Japan)

1) An introduction to the Japanese experiences in efficient use of electricity, including heat pump technology, heat and cool storage technology and electricity pricing at peak and valley time. 2) What are the incentives to encourage the efficient use of electricity by both enterprises and residents in Japan, possible suggestions and comments on efficient use of power in Beijing. 3) The development and application of water resources (shallow-layer ground water) heat pump and its environmental impacts (on ground water). And 4) the development and techno-economic analysis of air heat pump at low temperature (-5ºC~-20ºC).

 4. Status and Prospects of Space Heating in Large Cities (USA)

An introduction to the current status and future development of space heating in USA or other foreign metropolises, especially those cities sharing similar climate with Beijing, and the government roles in the planning of urban space heating.

 5. Status and Reformation of Space Heating for Large Cities in Russia and Other Transition Countries         (Russia)

1)     An introduction to current status and reformation process of space heating for large cities in Russia and other transition countries, especially district heating in those cities, possibly including pattern of space heating, reformation of management institution, heat measuring, pricing, and charging, etc.

2)     Suggestions and comments for Beijing’s space heating from reformation experiences in Russia and other transition countries.

 6. Development of New Energy and Renewable (Germany)

1) An introduction to the developments and encouragements of new and renewable energy use, with the current technological and application levels in particular. Any suggestions and comments for Beijing are welcome, with respect to both technology and policy. 2) Solar energy and building energy conservation, and Germany’s solar building design along with the economic evaluation. 3) The development, application, and environmental impacts of different geothermal and ground-heat technologies (cooling and heating )in urban area. And 4) Economic and environmental analyses of advanced biomass gas technologies (used to deal with agricultural wastes, sludge and sewage form breeding farms, residues from food industry and city sewage) in urban and suburb areas.

 B. Clean Coal Technology and Air Pollution Control

China is the world’s largest coal producer and consumer, with a lion’s share of coal in the primary energy mix. Beijing will still see a large amount of coal consumption even after the readjustment of its energy make-up. According to estimates, the coal consumption in Beijing will be more or less 20 million tons around 2005, with much of it to be put to direct combustion. In order to reduce the coal-derived air pollutions and enhance coal-use efficiency, the development of clean coal technologies suitable to the case of Beijing is seen as an apparent option. For example, coal dressing would improve coal quality and reduce ash and sulfur fractions, coal briquette increases efficiency and reduce soot and sulfur dioxide emissions. The replacement of oil fuel with coal slurry made by refined coal, utilization of combustor with low NO_x emission, utilization of flue-gas scrubbers to reduce soot, SO₂ and NO_x emissions. In a word, the utilization of clean coal technology will reduce noxious emissions in the process of coal combustion, and would prove an effective remedy to the chronic air pollutions in cities.

 1. Coal Washing and Rational Distribution (Germany)

An introduction to the shift of unwashed coal combustion to the washing and screening process in Germany as well as the associated techno-economic and environmental analyses. The discussion on how to guarantee or enforce the technological process of coal washing, screening and rational distribution in grades to satisfy the requirement of boiler’s design. An introduction to the functions, benefits and management of coal distribution systems, together with the current development in the world.

 2. Clean Coal Combustion of Power Plant Boilers (USA)

An introduction to the US experiences of advanced clean coal combustion technology of power plant boilers. 1) Development of CFB technology, IGCC and so on, as well as their techno-economic and environmental analyses, including any perceived problems in application for large cities. 2) Technical characteristics and economic assessments and possible barriers to the wider application of advanced all-in-one technologies of de-sulphurization, denitrification and dust removal.

 3. Assessment of Clean Coal Technologies         (Germany)

Comparison of techno-economic feasibilities and environmental impacts among different clean coal technologies. Discussion over the barriers to the practical application in larges cities, as well as the proposed solutions. 1) Clean coal technology of large-scale utility boilers in power plant. And 2) clean coal technologies of small and medium-sized boilers.

 C. Policies and Regulations

 1. Legislations and policies for Energy Efficiency Enhancement (UK)

The government roles in promoting the efficient use of energy for both enterprises and the public, the foundation and scope of legislations and policy-making, and effective implementation of the existing policies.

 2. Institutional Guarantee for New, Clean and Renewable Energies. (Japan)

The government roles in promoting the use of new, clean and renewable energies, and how to help increase the share of new, clean and renewable energies in cities, possibly through administrative, legal, economic and policy means, including a variety of tax, loan interest-rate, depreciation and pricing.

contact: Trempel & Associates....

contact: Lehman, Lee & Xu ....

Initiative der Deutschen Wirtschaft Beijing 2002